Which of the following best describes "negative punishment"?

Negative punishment is a behavioral concept that occurs when a stimulus is removed in order to decrease the likelihood of an undesired behavior occurring in the future. In this context, the removal of a stimulus acts as a consequence that leads to a reduction in that behavior. For example, if a child loses access to a favorite toy when they misbehave, the removal of the toy is intended to decrease that misbehavior.

In this scenario, the other options do not align with the definition of negative punishment. The first option involves adding a stimulus to reinforce a behavior, which is known as positive reinforcement. The third option discusses increasing instructions, which does not relate directly to the principle of punishment. The fourth option also involves adding tasks rather than removing stimuli, which would not contribute to the concept of negative punishment. Therefore, the correct choice clearly reflects the essence of negative punishment by emphasizing the removal of a stimulus to decrease unwanted behavior.