What is referred to as "baseline" in behavior analysis?

Baseline in behavior analysis refers to the standard level of behavior exhibited before any intervention is implemented. It serves as a critical reference point against which changes in behavior can be measured following the introduction of an intervention. Establishing a baseline is essential for understanding the effectiveness of the intervention by providing a clear snapshot of the behavior prior to any changes. This allows practitioners to determine whether there has been an increase or decrease in the behavior of interest as a result of the treatment.

While the other options mention important concepts related to behavior analysis, they do not accurately define baseline. For instance, the expected outcome of an intervention pertains to predictions about future behavior rather than the behavior itself prior to the intervention. The initial data collected from participants can be part of establishing a baseline, but it does not capture the full definition of what a baseline represents. Finally, the highest recorded frequency of behavior is more indicative of peak performance rather than the standard level before an intervention is applied. Therefore, the identification of baseline as the standard level of behavior is vital for effective measurement and evaluation in behavior analysis.